Side Effects, Interactions, Warning, Dosage & Uses. WARNINGSOverdosage of any form of vitamin D is dangerous (see. OVERDOSAGE). Chronic hypercalcemia can. The serum calcium times phosphate (Ca x P) product should. L2. Radiographic. Rocaltrol (calcitriol) is the most potent metabolite of vitamin D available. The administration. Rocaltrol (calcitriol) to patients in excess of their daily requirements can cause hypercalcemia. Therefore, pharmacologic doses of vitamin. ![]() ![]() Find patient medical information for SENNA on WebMD including its uses, effectiveness, side effects and safety, interactions, user ratings and products that have it. D and its derivatives should be withheld during Rocaltrol (calcitriol) treatment to avoid. If treatment is switched from ergocalciferol. D2) to calcitriol, it may take several months for the ergocalciferol. ![]() ![]() ![]() OVERDOSAGE). Calcitriol increases inorganic phosphate levels in serum. While this is desirable in patients with hypophosphatemia, caution is called for in patients with renal failure because of the danger of ectopic calcification. A non- aluminum phosphate- binding compound and a low- phosphate diet should be used to control serum phosphorus levels in patients undergoing dialysis. Magnesium- containing preparations (eg, antacids) and Rocaltrol (calcitriol) should not be used concomitantly in patients on chronic renal dialysis because such use may lead to the development of hypermagnesemia. ![]() Studies in dogs and rats given calcitriol for up to 2. PRECAUTIONSGeneral. Excessive dosage of Rocaltrol (calcitriol) induces hypercalcemia and in some instances hypercalciuria. In dialysis patients, a fall in serum alkaline phosphatase. An abrupt increase in calcium intake as a result. Should hypercalcemia develop, treatment with Rocaltrol (calcitriol) should be stopped immediately. During periods of hypercalcemia, serum calcium and phosphate levels must be determined daily. When normal levels have been attained, treatment with Rocaltrol (calcitriol) can be continued, at a daily dose 0. An estimate of daily dietary calcium intake should be made and the intake adjusted when indicated. Rocaltrol (calcitriol) should be given cautiously to patients on digitalis, because hypercalcemia in such patients may precipitate cardiac arrhythmias. Immobilized patients, eg, those who have undergone surgery, are particularly exposed to the risk of hypercalcemia. In patients with normal renal function, chronic hypercalcemia may be associated with an increase in serum creatinine. While this is usually reversible, it is important in such patients to pay careful attention to those factors which may lead to hypercalcemia. Rocaltrol (calcitriol) therapy should always be started at the lowest possible dose and should not be increased without careful monitoring of the serum calcium. An estimate of daily dietary calcium intake should be made and the intake adjusted when indicated. Patients with normal renal function taking Rocaltrol (calcitriol) should avoid dehydration. Adequate fluid intake should be maintained. Laboratory Tests. For dialysis patients, serum calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and alkaline phosphatase. For hypoparathyroid patients, serum calcium. For. predialysis patients, serum calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, creatinine. PTH (i. PTH) should be determined initially. Thereafter, serum calcium. Intact PTH (i. PTH) should. During. the titration period of treatment with Rocaltrol (calcitriol) , serum calcium levels should. DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION). Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis and Impairment of Fertility. Long- term studies in animals have not been conducted to evaluate the carcinogenic. Rocaltrol (calcitriol) . Rocaltrol (calcitriol) is not mutagenic in vitro in the Ames. Test, nor is it genotoxic in vivo in the Mouse Micronucleus Test. ![]() No. significant effects of Rocaltrol (calcitriol) on fertility and/or general reproductive performances. Segment I study in rats at doses of up to 0. What is senna used for? Treating constipation. Senna tablets and liquids can be bought without a prescription from pharmacies or may be prescribed by your doctor.![]()
Pregnancy. Teratogenic Effects. Pregnancy Category C. Rocaltrol (calcitriol) has been found to be teratogenic in rabbits. All 1. 5 fetuses in 3 litters. However, none of. Teratogenicity studies in rats at doses up to 0. There are no adequate and well- controlled studies. Rocaltrol (calcitriol) should be used during pregnancy only if the potential. Nonteratogenic Effects. In the rabbit, dosages of 0. A study of perinatal and postnatal. Rocaltrol (calcitriol) at doses of 0. Rocaltrol (calcitriol) at a dose of 0. Rocaltrol (calcitriol) at a dose of 0. In another. study in rats, maternal weight gain was slightly reduced at a dose of 0. The offspring of a woman administered. Rocaltrol (calcitriol) (approximately 1. Nursing Mothers. Calcitriol from ingested Rocaltrol (calcitriol) may be excreted in human milk. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk and because of the potential for serious adverse reactions from Rocaltrol (calcitriol) in nursing infants, a mother should not nurse while taking Rocaltrol (calcitriol) . Pediatric Use. Safety and effectiveness of Rocaltrol (calcitriol) in pediatric patients undergoing dialysis. The safety and effectiveness of Rocaltrol (calcitriol) in pediatric. Rocaltrol (calcitriol) in adults with predialysis chronic renal failure and additional. Dosing. guidelines have not been established for pediatric patients under 1 year of. DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION. Hypoparathyroidism). Oral doses of Rocaltrol (calcitriol) ranging from 1. Long- term calcitriol therapy is well tolerated by pediatric patients. The most common safety issues are mild, transient episodes of hypercalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, and increases in the serum calcium times phosphate (Ca x P) product which are managed effectively by dosage adjustment or temporary discontinuation of the vitamin D derivative. Geriatric Use. Clinical studies of Rocaltrol (calcitriol) did not include sufficient numbers of subjects aged 6. Other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between the elderly and younger patients. In general, dose selection for an elderly patient should be cautious, usually starting at the low end of the dosing range, reflecting the greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function, and of concomitant disease or other drug therapy. Chronic Constipation: An Evidence- Based Review. Bowel patterns among subjects not seeking health care: use of a questionnaire. Gastroenterology. Variation of bowel habit in two population samples. Br Med J1. 96. 5; 2: 1. An epidemiological survey of constipation in canada: definitions, rates. Am J Gastroenterol. Defecation frequency and timing, and stool form in the. Gut. 19. 92; 3. 3: 8. Constipation: a different entity for patients and doctors. An examination of the reliability of reported stool frequency in the diagnosis of idiopathic. Am J Gastroenterol. Rome III: the new criteria. Chin J Dig Dis. 20. Functional bowel disorders. Gastroenterology. Leisure time physical activity in Australian women: relationship with well being and. Res Q Exerc Sport. Validity of the Rome III criteria in assessing constipation. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct. Oct; 2. 1(1. 0): 1. Prevalence of constipation: agreement among several criteria and. Spain. Am J Epidemiol. Validity of segmental transit studies used in routine clinical practice. Colorectal Dis. 20. Lower functional gastrointestinal disorders: evidence. Neurogastroenterol Motil. Mar; 2. 2(3): 2. 93–e. Update of tests of colon and rectal structure and function. J Clin Gastroenterol. A review of the literature on gender and age differences in the prevalence. North America. J Pain Symptom Manage. Epidemiology of constipation in North America: a systematic review. Am J Gastroenterol. Chronic constipation in the elderly. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. Use of laxatives among older nursing home residents in Helsinki, Finland. Systematic review on the management of chronic constipation. North America. Am J Gastroenterol. Suppl 1): S5–2. 1. Gender differences in self- reported constipation characteristics. Gend Med. 20. 09; 6: 2. Choung RS, Locke GR 3rd, Schleck CD, Zinsmeister AR, Talley NJ. Cumulative incidence of chronic constipation: a population- based. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. Prevalence of pelvic floor disorders in the female population and the impact. Dis Colon Rectum. Sex differences in physical symptoms: the contribution of symptom perception theory. Soc Sci Medicine. Ambulatory care for constipation in the United States, 1. Am J Gastroenterol. The burden of gastrointestinal and liver diseases, 2. Am J Gastroenterol. Chronic constipation: is the work- up worth the cost? Dis Colon Rectum. Costs of health care for irritable bowel syndrome, chronic constipation, functional. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. The burden of constipation on quality of life: results of a multinational survey. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. Bowel disorders impair functional status and quality of life in the elderly. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. M1. 84–9. Systematic review: impact of constipation on quality of life in adults and children. Prevalence of sexual abuse among patients with functional disorders of the lower gastrointestinal. Int J Colorectal Dis. Petticrew M, Rodgers M, Booth A. Effectiveness of laxatives in adults. Qual Health Care. Campbell AJ, Busby WJ, Horwath CC. Factors associated with constipation in a community based sample of people aged 7. J Epidemiol Community Health. Constipation in the elderly: influence of dietary, psychological. J Am Geriatr Soc. Nehra V, Bruce BK, Rath- Harvey DM, Pemberton JH, Camilleri M. Psychological disorders in patients with evacuation disorders. Am J Gastroenterol. Risk factors for chronic constipation and a possible role of analgesics. Does constipation ruin your day? What you eat, drink, and do can make a difference. Geriatrics. 20. 05; 6. Constipation in adults. Clin Evid (Online) 2. Obesity and functional constipation; a community- based study in Iran. Audit of constipation in a tertiary referral gastroenterology practice. Am J Gastroenterol. Subtypes of constipation: sorting out the confusion. Rev Gastroenterol Disord. Suppl 2): S1. 1–6. Effect of aging on anorectal function. Gut. 19. 87; 2. 8: 3. Laurberg S, Swash M. Effects of aging on the anorectal sphincters and their innervation. Dis Colon Rectum. Akervall S, Nordgren S, Fasth S, Oresland T, Pettersson K, Hulten L. The effects of age, gender, and parity on rectoanal functions. Scand J Gastroenterol. Obstructive defecation: a failure of rectoanal coordination. Am J Gastroenterol. Constipation: evaluation and treatment of colonic and anorectal motility disorders. Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am. Slow transit constipation in children. J Paediatr Child Health. Severe chronic constipation of young women: . Results of 2. 4- h manometric recording of colonic motor activity. Neurogastroenterol Motil. Colonic mass movements in idiopathic chronic constipation. Gut. 19. 88; 2. 9: 1. Scintigraphic measurement of regional gut transit in idiopathic constipation. Effect of stool size and consistency on defecation. Gut. 19. 87; 2. 8: 1. Different patterns of intestinal transit time and anorectal motility. Gut. 19. 84; 2. 5: 1. Impaired colonic motor response to cholinergic stimulation in patients with severe. Dig Dis Sci. 19. 93; 3. Regulation of the enteric nervous system in the colon of patients with. Hepatogastroenterology. Pathophysiology of chronic constipation of the slow transit type from the aspect of the type of rectal. Hepatogastroenterology. Normal aspects of colorectal motility and abnormalities in slow. World J Gastroenterol. Abnormal rectosigmoid myoelectric response to eating in patients with severe idiopathic. Dis Colon Rectum. Age- related changes in the morphology of the myenteric plexus of the human colon. The role of glial cells and apoptosis of enteric neurones in the neuropathology. Gut. 20. 06; 5. 5: 4. Enteric nerves and interstitial cells of Cajal are altered in patients with slow- transit. Gastroenterology. Decreased density of interstitial cells of Cajal and neuronal cells in patients with slow- transit. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. Substance P and vasoactive intestinal peptide are reduced in right transverse colon. Neurogastroenterol Motil. Aug; 2. 2(8): 8. 83–9. Neuropeptides in idiopathic chronic constipation (slow transit constipation). Neurogastroenterol Motil. Liu L, Shang F, Morgan MJ, King DW, Lubowski DZ, Burcher E. Cyclooxygenase- dependent alterations in substance P- mediated contractility. NK1 receptor expression in the colonic circular muscle of patients with slow transit constipation. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. Role of nitric oxide in the colon of patients with slow- transit constipation. Dis Colon Rectum. Chronic gastrointestinal symptoms in the elderly. Clin Geriatr Med. Complications and comorbidities of constipation in adults. Gastroenterology. Suppl 2): A4. 58. Hemorrhoids and fissure in ano. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. Constipation in adults: complications and comorbidities. Gastroenterology. Suppl 2): A1. 54. Healthcare costs and clinical sequelae associated with constipation in a managed care population. Pelvic organ prolapse. Am Fam Physician. Risk factors for the recurrence of pelvic organ prolapse. Gynecol Obstet Invest. Calcified fecolith: a rare cause of large bowel obstruction. Emerg Radiol. 20. Colonic obstruction secondary to impaction of a large calcified fecolith: report of a case. Dis Colon Rectum. Stercoral ulceration. Am Surg. 19. 82; 4. Massive fecal impaction presenting with megarectum and perforation of a stercoral ulcer at the rectosigmoid. South Med J2. 00. Case report: stercoral sigmoid colonic perforation with fecal peritonitis. Indian J Radiol Imaging. Stercoral colitis leading to fatal peritonitis: CT findings. AJR2. 00. 5; 1. 84: 1. Management of patients with stercoral perforation of the sigmoid colon. World J Gastroenterol. Strength of recommendation taxonomy (SORT): a patient- centered approach to grading evidence. J Am Board Fam Pract. Myths and misconceptions about chronic constipation. Am J Gastroenterol. Association between physical activity, fiber intake, and other lifestyle variables and. Am J Gastroenterol. Association between dietary fiber, water and magnesium intake. Japanese women. Eur J Clin Nutr. Dietary patterns associated with functional constipation among Japanese women aged 1. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo)2. Do elderly persons need to be encouraged to drink. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. M3. 61–5. Etiologic factors of chronic constipation: review of the scientific evidence. Dig Dis Sci. 20. 07; 5. Effects of regular physical activity on defecation pattern in middle- aged. Scand J Gastroenterol. Effects of regular exercise in management of chronic idiopathic. Dig Dis Sci. 19. 98; 4. Development of constipation in nursing home residents. Dis Colon Rectum. Water supplementation enhances the effect of high- fiber diet on stool frequency and. Hepatogastroenterology. Long- term efficacy of biofeedback therapy for dyssynergic defecation. Am J Gastroenterol. Biofeedback is superior to laxatives for normal transit constipation. Gastroenterology. Behavioural treatment of the dyssynergic defecation in chronically constipated elderly patients: a randomized. Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback. Diet and chronic constipation: benefits of oral supplementation with symbiotic. Bifidobacterium longum W1. FOS Actilight). Acta Biomed. Efficacy of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) supplement in management of constipation among nursing. Nutr J2. 01. 0; 9: 5. Survival and therapeutic potential of probiotic organisms with reference to Lactobacillus acidophilus. Bifidobacterium spp. Immunol Cell Biol. Psyllium is superior to docusate sodium for treatment of. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. Cheskin LJ, Kamal N, Crowell MD, Schuster MM, Whitehead WE. Mechanisms of constipation in older persons and effects of fiber. J Am Geriatr Soc. Ashraf W, Park F, Lof J, Quigley EM. Effects of psyllium therapy on stool characteristics, colon transit and anorectal function. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. Tomas- Ridocci M, Anon R, Minguez M, Zaragoza A, Ballester J, Benages A. Rev Esp Enferm Dig. Intervention with dietary fiber to treat constipation and reduce laxative use in residents of nursing. Ann Nutr Metab. 20. Suppl 1): 5. 4–6. Use of fiber instead of laxative treatment in a geriatric hospital to improve. J Nutr Health Aging. Clinical evaluation of methylcellulose as a bulk laxative.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. Archives
August 2017
Categories |